Understanding the Speech Prompting Hierarchy

1. Pause

The least intrusive approach, pause gives the individual adequate time to process a request and respond independently. Allowing at least 10 seconds encourages self-initiated communication and reinforces their autonomy.

 

2. Indirect Nonverbal Prompt

Subtle body language cues signal that communication is expected. Examples include facial expressions, gestures, or eye contact that encourage interaction without verbal input.

 

3. Indirect Verbal Prompt

An indirect verbal prompt gently guides the individual without giving away the answer. Open-ended questions like “What happens next?” or “Where does this piece go?” encourage problem-solving and expressive communication.

 

4. Request a Response

If the individual does not respond, provide a more direct question or statement, such as “Tell me what you want” or “You need to ask me.” This step bridges their hesitation to active communication.

 

5. Gestural Cue

Use gestures, like pointing or motioning toward an object, to visually guide the individual toward the desired action.

 

6. Partial Verbal Cue

Provide part of the expected response to prompt the individual to complete the communication, e.g., “You want the…”

 

7. Direct Model

If there is still no response, model the desired communication or behavior. After modeling, pause to give the individual an opportunity to imitate or respond.